World Organ Donation Day, 2025

 

                                                                 Nobel Prize, 1990

                                                              Physiology/Medicine 

                    Organ And Cell Transplantation In Treatment Of Human Disease 

Joseph Murray

Joseph E. Murray (1919–2012)

• Field: Plastic and reconstructive surgery.
• Key Achievement:
• Performed the world’s first successful human kidney transplant in 1954 between identical twins (Richard and Ronald Herrick) at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston.
• Developed surgical techniques and immunosuppressive protocols to prevent rejection.
• Impact: Opened the door for transplantation of kidneys from genetically non-identical donors.

E. Donnall Thomas (1920–2012)

• Field: Hematology and oncology.
• Key Achievement:
• Developed bone marrow transplantation as a treatment for leukemia and other blood disorders.
• Overcame early challenges of graft rejection and infection.
• Impact: Bone marrow (hematopoietic stem cell) transplantation became a standard treatment for many cancers and immune disorders.

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