1937 – Max Clara, a German anatomist and histologist, first described these non-ciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells in the human lung.
He noted their dome-shaped appearance and secretory granules, distinguishing them from ciliated epithelial cells.
Max Clara conducted some of his anatomical research during the Nazi era, reportedly using tissue from executed prisoners without consent.
2013 – Renamed “Club cells” due to Clara’s Nazi-era connections.
Lungs
Clara Cells
Secretion of protective proteins and surfactant components: Produce Clara Cell Secretory Protein (CCSP/CC16) → anti-inflammatory, protects against oxidative stress. Secrete components of surfactant (but not the main surfactant proteins of alveolar type II cells).
Detoxification of harmful substances
Rich in cytochrome P450 enzymes → metabolize inhaled toxins, pollutants, and xenobiotics.
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