Coffee

Origins Of Coffee

Ethiopia

Ethiopia Facts

Ethiopia and Bible 

Cradle Of Mankind (Lucy 3.5 million years old)

Oldest Christian Nation in the World

Solomon Dynasty Ties To Ethiopia / Psalm 68:31

P

Amharic: Ancient Semitic Language

History Of Coffee

Ethiopia To Yemen and Turkey

Coffee From Yemen To The World 

Coffee and India 

Brief History Of Coffee

Coffee (Science)

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant drug in the world. It is present in various forms, including medications, coffee, tea, soft drinks, and chocolate. 

Caffeine has differing central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, and metabolic effects based on the quantity ingested. 

Average doses of caffeine (85-250 mg, the equivalent of 1-3 cups of coffee) may result in feelings of alertness, decreased fatigue, and eased flow of thought.

Caffeine is a potent releaser of catecholamines (norepinephrine and, to a lesser extent, epinephrine) that increases cardiac chronotropic and inotropic activity, bronchodilation, and peripheral vasodilatation. 

Caffeine is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.

                                                   Phosphodiesterase Inhibition 

High doses (250-500 mg) can result in restlessness, nervousness, insomnia, and tremors. In high doses, caffeine can cause a hyper adrenergic syndrome resulting in seizures and cardiovascular instability.

                                                       Caffeine Toxicity

Hypotension can occur in caffeine toxicity. It is related to volume depletion, excessive catecholamine stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors, or both. 

Vasopressors (eg, dopamine, phenylephrine) may be required if hypotension is refractory to intravenous fluid boluses.

 Phenylephrine is a good choice because it is a pure alpha-agonist, although norepinephrine can be used as well.