Stewart Hamilton Principle

 

                                                                       Input = Output

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cardiac Output

 

 

 

 

 

Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x  Heart Rate 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Factors Affecting Stroke Volume 

 

 

 

 Increased Cardiac Output

 

 

 

 

 

Decreased Cardiac Output 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Measurement Of Cardiac Output 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Stewart Hamilton Equation

 

William Hamilton 

 

 

 

 

  During the 1890s, George Stewart further developed the concept of indicator dilution in a series of papers on circulation time. By using a hypertonic saline indicator, Stewart was able to detect a signal in circulating blood by measuring changes in electrical conductance. William Hamilton then developed Stewart's work to allow the measurement of cardiac output using an indicator dilution technique

 

 

 

                                                                                      

                                                                                                                             

                                                                Indicator Dilution Methods

 

 

 

 

 

 Thermodilution Method

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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