Memory 30.10.2025

 

                                                                           2019-2025

                                    Thesis In Physiology/Forensic Medicine And Toxicology

                                                                   Suffering A TKO  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MD Forensic Medicine And Toxicology Pass

 

                                                                    Dr. Richin Johh Koshy

                                                        INDIAN UNIVERSITIES (AMU/IPU)

 MD Physiology - 2022

MD Forensic Medicine And Toxicology - 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Awareness Day

 

 

1857 – Thomas Addison & William Gull (London)
First described a form of “chronic intrahepatic cholangitis”, recognizing inflammation and sclerosis of bile ducts during autopsy.

1970 – Ludwig, Wiesner, and LaRusso (Mayo Clinic, USA)

Provided the modern clinicopathologic definition of PSC as a chronic cholestatic disease of unknown etiology, distinct from secondary causes (e.g., stones, infection, surgery).

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Events

 

 

 

 

 

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Lopoi/Leichen

 

                                                                           Hippocrates

 

 

 

 

~460–370 BCE – Hippocrates

 
The Greek physician Hippocrates described scaly skin diseases such as lopoi and leichen, which are thought to include conditions resembling psoriasis.

• He recommended topical tar and arsenic—some of the earliest psoriasis treatments.

   

                                                                        Now And Then
  

   

  
   
   

   

   

   

  Timeline Of Psoriasis

   

  

  
   

  1841 – Ferdinand von Hebra (Vienna)

  • First to clearly define psoriasis as a separate disease from leprosy and eczema.

  • Introduced the term “psoriasis vulgaris”, establishing the foundation for modern understanding.

     
     
     
    Current Events
     
    

    
    
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Apoplexy

 

 

 

 

 Origin Of Stroke 

Hippocrates

 

 

 

 

 

~400 BCE – Hippocrates

 
The Greek physician Hippocrates was among the first to describe stroke-like symptoms. He used the term “apoplexy” (from the Greek apoplēxia, meaning “struck down with violence”) to describe a sudden loss of consciousness and paralysis.

• He recognized that the condition was abrupt and often fatal, though its internal cause remained unknown.

 

 

   

                           

 

Rudolf Virchow (1856) described thrombosis and embolism, explaining how blood clots travel and block cerebral arteries — foundational for modern stroke mechanisms Terms like “cerebral infarction” and “cerebral hemorrhage” began replacing “apoplexy.”

 

      

                                                                  

 

 Timeline Of Stroke 

 

 

 

                                                                         Current Events

 

 

 

 

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LO

 

The world’s first electronic message was sent on October 29, 1969, marking the birth of the Internet.

• Date: October 29, 1969

• Event: The first message sent over the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), the precursor to the modern Internet.

• Sender: Charley Kline, a student programmer at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles).

• Recipient: Bill Duvall at the Stanford Research Institute (SRI).

• Message: The intended word was “LOGIN”, but the system crashed after the first two letters — only “LO” were transmitted successfully.

         So, the first electronic message ever sent over a computer network was simply:

                                                                   “LO”

 

 

                                                                 Current Events

 

 

 

 

 

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Nobel Prize In Physiology/Medicine, 1957 = Succinyl Choline

 

1949 – Discovery of Succinylcholine:

• Ernest H. Bovet (Switzerland/Italy) and Daniel Bovet (Italian pharmacologist, Nobel laureate 1957) and colleagues at the Institut Pasteur, France, were studying choline esters for pharmacological activity.

• They synthesized succinylcholine (two acetylcholine molecules linked by a succinic acid bridge).

• It was found to produce temporary muscle paralysis similar to curare but with a very short duration of action.

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