Algeria

Human presence since 4000 BC 

Settlers include African civilization/Romans/Arabs/Turks/Europeans

Ottomans control Algeria before French invasion

France arrives in Algeria: 1830-1856

1880: European population of Algeria is more than 350,00

Settlers ensure that economic and political power is exclusively theirs

French Algeria

French in Algeria: French Citizens 

Jews in Algeria: French Citizens 

Algerians: Subjects who can become French citizens if they give up status

Jews in Algeria receive citizenship (Cremieux Decree, 1870)

Jews recieve automatic French citizenship

Adolphe Cremieux: Cremieux Decree

While in the government of the national defence, he secured full citizenship for the Jews in French-ruled Algeria, through the Crémieux Decree (décret n^o 136 du 24 octobre 1870). 

The decree allowed for native Jews to become French citizens while  Arabs and Berbers  were excluded and remained under the second-class ‘indigenous’ status outlined in the Code de l'Indigénat. 

This set the scene for deteriorating relations between the Muslim and Jewish communities

 After Algerian War of Independence, vast majority of Algerian Jews emigrated to France.

                                                        Algerias War For Independence 

                                                                       1954-1962

                                                                        

5 th July 1962: Algerian Independence Day

Ahmed Ben Bella: First President Of Independent Algeria

Algeria Today

Snapshot

Algeria

Past: Algeria under France 

Present