Sunday, 6 April 2025

Colour And Cancer

                                                     The Chemistry Of Permanent Hair Dyes

                                                  Ludwig Wilhelm Carl Rehn (1849–1930) 

      In mid 1890s that a German surgeon reported the first cases of bladder cancer in dye workers

                                                          

                                                           Workers Died of Dyes: The Discovery of Occupational Bladder Cancers -  Urology    


 
 
 Bladder Cancer


 
 
 
 Current Events
 
ManWith Colour (Light) Kills Black (Evil)




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Saturday, 5 April 2025

Plaque Jaune


Old Traumatic Brain Lesions

Plaque Jaune 

YELLOW PATCHES OVER THE BRAIN



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Dicrotic Notch

 

                                                               Blood Pressure Graph



Dicrotic Notch



Visualizing Dicrotic Notch




Dicrotic Notch In Medical Monitors




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International Day Of Conscience

 

Conscience 

Con + Science 




Synonyms For Good Conscience 




Conscience In Religion



Quotes 



Conscience Is A Mans Compass




Current Events

                                                                  5 th April

                                                International Day Of Conscience

                                                   Conscience = Moral Compass




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Neuron Doctrine

 

The neuron doctrine is the concept that the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells, a discovery due to decisive neuro-anatomical work of 

                                                     Santiago Ramón y Cajal 





Neuron Doctrine, Cajal demonstrated that the brain is composed of discrete cells -neurons- rather than a continous, interconnected network of cell appendages. For this, he was awarded together with C. Golgi the Physiology or Medicine Nobel Prize in 1906.





Neuron Doctrine Theory



Photomicrographs from Cajal’s preparations (housed in the Museo Cajal at the Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain) of the cerebral cortex of a newborn infant, showing neurons impregnated by the Golgi stain. These two photos have also been published in DeFelipe and Jones “Cajal on the Cerebral Cortex.” Oxford University Press, New York, 1988.




Cajal’s drawing of the cerebellar cortex (from a preparation of the cat cerebellum stained with methylene blue) showing the axons of Purkinje cells which exit from the cortex directed downwards.






Climbing Fibers Are Seen In Cerebellar Cortex

Then And Now 




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Thiols And Underarm Odour

 

                                                            The Chemistry Of Body Odour 

                                                                        Thiol



Human sweat contains (3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol) detectable at 2 parts per billion and having a fruity, onion -like odor. 



University Of York

Scientific Reports, the York scientists describe how they delved inside Staphylococcus hominis to learn how it made thioalcohols. They discovered an enzyme that converts Cys-Gly-3M3SH released by apocrine glands into the pungent thioalcohol, 3M3SH.

 A specific thiol (3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol) and a specific acid (3-hydroxy-3-mehylhexanoic acid) have been identified as the major components of human sweat malodor, both arising from the action of bacteria on protein metabolites secreted by sweat glands.

 Interestingly, women liberate more of the onion-like acid than men, likely due to gender differences in bacterial composition.





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Our noses are extremely good at detecting these thioalcohols at extremely low thresholds, which is why they are really important for body odour. They have a very characteristic cheesy, oniony smell that you would recognise